![]() ![]() As is common in talmudic discussions, this remains an unresolved issue. Clearly, some early sources in the Jewish tradition appear to allow self-harm (see the selections from the Hebrew Bible ) the Talmud here seems to labor to find a clear source for a more restrictive view. It confirms the prohibition of suicide midrashically derived from Genesis 9:5, and explores both sides of the issue of whether a person is allowed to harm himself or herself. This text again cites the same midrash regarding suicide, though in somewhat different form, that had been earlier “creatively” developed in Genesis Rabbah. The first is from Bava Kamma (“First Gate”), a treatise of the order Nezikin (“Injuries”) on compensation for damages it cites disagreement among the Tanaim, scholars of the period of the Mishna (sing. Several selections from the Babylonian Talmud are included in this volume. While the two Gemaras partially overlap, the Babylonian Talmud is generally more extensive and its discussions are more fully developed within the later Jewish tradition, it is considered the authoritative Talmud. The contents of the Babylonian Talmud were collected and composed by scholars in the 3rd century A.D. The Babylonian Talmud includes both the Mishnah and its own Gemara written mostly in Aramaic, different from the commentaries found in the Palestinian Talmud. This Talmud was collected and written by Palestinian scholars from the 3rd century A.D. The Palestinian Talmud, also called the Jerusalem Talmud, contains both the Mishnah and a commentary on the Mishnah called the Gemara. The Mishnah is the foundation of both Talmuds. The word “mishnah ” is a noun formed from the verb “shannah ,” which means “to repeat” or “to learn,” specifically indicating an education derived orally through continual recitation. In the 3rd century a.d., Rabbi Judah ha-Nasi compiled the existing traditions and gave them the fixed form now known as the Mishnah. These legal and folkloric teachings, normative statements, and anecdotes relating to rabbinic practice and instruction developed over a period that began several centuries before the Christian era. The Mishnah, the oldest text of the talmudic literature, is a codification of laws derived from an oral tradition. Talmudic literature, including the Mishnah, the Babylonian and Palestinian (Jerusalem) Talmuds, and the various midrashic commentaries on the Hebrew Bible including Genesis Rabbah, provides the classical, canonical statement of rabbinic Judaism. ![]() ![]() ![]() to its final redaction during the 5th and 6th centuries A.D. The Babylonian Talmud, the most comprehensive body of rabbinic literature and a central text of Jewish civil and religious law, dates from the 2nd century b.c. ![]()
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